• Objective - purpose.



  • Specialization – single function.



  • Co-ordination – encourage unity of effort.



  • Authority – clear line of authority.



  • Responsibility – definite responsibility lines.



  • Definition – people should know what are their duties and responsibilities.



  • Correspondence – responsibility and authority should correspond.



  • Span of control – number of direct sub-ordinates should be limited.



  • Balance – essential for balance of units across an organization.



  • Continuity – continuous review and re-organization.